Friday, May 4, 2012

Conflict at Corinth

(I wrote the following piece for a recent issue of NT Christian magazine - see www.neededtruth.info - and http://www.hayespress.org/publications/NeededTruth01-12/#/1/  for the latest flip-through edition.)

If you ever got the idea that the early Churches of God ran like clockwork then you would be absolutely right. Unlike quartz timepieces, they needed a lot of maintenance and attention, were prone to coming to a complete halt and were even at risk of total breakdown!   There’s no better case study of it than the Church of God in Corinth, especially as it shows that the apostle Paul wasn’t shock-proof either.

First century Corinth was a ready-made seed bed for church conflict.  It was even the scene of a mythical territorial dispute between Poseidon, the god of the sea, and Helios, the god of the sun, which was resolved by allocating half of Corinth to one and half to the other.


Cultural conflict was exacerbated by Corinth being both very cosmopolitan and, in relative terms, very modern.  Julius Caesar had only re-formed Corinth as a Roman colony less than a century before the Church was planted and it was populated mainly by indigenous Greeks, “invading” Romans and fleeing Jews (like Priscilla and Aquila) from persecution at home.  Each brought their own religions, languages, traditions and very different ways of thinking to the melting pot. 

An analysis of the membership of the Corinthian church reflects this diversity.  Of the seventeen saints we know of, eight, like Gaius, have Latin names, Apollos and Crispus were Jews while Stephanas and his family were Greek.  It’s not hard to imagine that this would have contributed to conflict at times.

Corinth was a major urban centre on the trade route in Greece and was known for being much more liberal culturally than the old-fashioned villages around it.  Space was at a premium with density estimated to be on a par with shanty towns in Rio or Delhi today – most people lived quite literally on top of each other in apartments above shops.  Riots spread like wildfire more than once.  It had also a reputation for being very expensive – the poet Horace (famous for the phrase “carpe diem”) said that "not everyone is able to go to Corinth". Gaius must have been a wealthy man indeed to own a home large enough for the entire church to meet in. 

Religion was definitely a huge cultural issue.  It was common in worshiping certain Greek gods to invite friends to eat some of the meat sacrificed to the idol at a banquet, often in the god’s temple (think of it as a first century business lunch.)  This situation was reflected in 1 Corinthians 8:10.  Although the saints now knew that idol worship was strictly prohibited, there was a temptation to continue a basic part of the social life that they had enjoyed pre-conversion. Some had no problem with it but others certainly did.  Paul had to advise very carefully on how best to deal with these sensitivities.

And, though we might be shocked to think of a saint being drunk when attending the Lord’s Supper, (see 1 Cor 11:21) this wasn’t unusual.  Drunkenness was sometimes considered a part of a religious rite, especially in the worship of Dionysus, the discoverer of wine.  But this was in direct conflict with their new way of life and, as Paul made clear, it had to be dispensed with.

Each age and society has its distinct culture to be grappled with and if we’re not conscious of a personal struggle then alarm bells should be ringing. Our response to it should be fashioned by the unchanging Word of God and not the other way around.  Even so, what response is appropriate may not always be immediately apparent and so lengthy and prayerful consideration and taking advice from experienced brothers and sisters is always a good approach. 

There are at least three courses of action available to us:

·         Abandon - some cultural baggage may be best left abandoned entirely to better embrace the new culture of Christ or simply to avoid the risk of seriously stumbling a fellow saint.

·         Accept – it would be premature to conclude that everything in the world is automatically bad for us.  God has provided many things for us to enjoy and to rule out harmless activities could hamper our testimony.

·         Adapt – some culture can be adapted or harnessed to make it palatable and it can, with some finesse, even be turned into a witness opportunity. 

No comments:

Post a Comment